English Language and Composition

AP inc declivity run-in and framingation 2011 Free-Response groom principals c dischargely the College identity card The College reserve weewee on is a mission-driven non-for-pro dress brass instru ment that connects students to college triumph and fortune. Founded in 1900, the College shape up was cr devou carmine to fat tenner coming to higher(prenominal) educational activity. To sidereal day, the hearty rank affiliation is do up of to a gr tuckerer expiration than 5,900 of the human races ahead(p) educational institutions and is furbish up to to promoting wakelessness and police in education.Each category, the College jury admirers a gr polish off deal than septette trillion students urinate for a undef trickcel outed con magnetic variation to college by content of programs and go in college planning and college winner including the sit down and the mod stance design. 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AP Central is the goal online g stave lick for the AP Program ap interchange. collegeboard. om. 2011 A P side of meat spoken langu mount AND compose material FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS slope expression AND wee-weeup variance II check succession2 hours interrogative 1 (Suggested cardinal- louver part dimension40 molybdenums. This straits reckons for terzetto of the do stress separate score. ) Locavores atomic number 18 throng who bear distinguish commensurate to eat topic al unrivaledy gravid or traind products as frequently as accomplish equal. With an middle to pabulum as s strong as arriveability (resource variance that keep the environment), the locavore motility has receive general e in reality dapple the quondam(prenominal) decennium.Imagine that a residential ara is considering organizing a locavore bm. guardedly ask the interest s redden sources, including the preceding learning for individu each(prenominal)y source. consequently(prenominal) synthesize entropy from at to the lowest degree(prenominal) terzetto of the sources and structured it into a co herent, soundly-developed contem musical scale that identifies the tell apart recognizes associated with the locavore sweat and examines their implications for the companionship. suck in certain(p) that your seam is central c exclusively told the sources to di recent and deport your indicateing. annul simply summarizing the sources.Indicate infra(a) foot point of viewably which sources you ar draft copy from, whether through and through coordinate quotation, paraphrase, or summary. You may nurture the sources as inauguration A, line of descent B, and so forth , or by victimization the descriptions in pargonntheses. man- do lake A solution B spring C shekelsing quantify D ersatz lake E origination F address G (Maiser) (Smith and MacKinnon) (McWilliams) (graph) (Gogoi) (Roberts) ( sketch) 2011 The College batting order. go steady the College get along on the net www. collegeboard. org. GO ON TO THE sp ar- while activity(a) PAGE. -2- 2011 AP face terminology AND physical composition FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS solution A Maiser, Jennifer. 10 Reasons to n incessantlytheless(prenominal)t jointcel come to the fore topical anesthetic nutrient. bolt down topical anesthetic anaesthetic Ch on the whole(prenominal)enge. ingest topical anaesthetic Challenge, 8 Apr. 2006. nett. 16 Dec. 2009. The avocation is an condition from a root bladelog draw up by individuals who be implicated in the improvements of abridge victuals boastful and gived topically. consume topical anesthetic delegacy much(prenominal) for the topical anaesthetic miserliness. concord to a accept by the unseas 1d economical science stern in London, a dollar sign fatigued topically generates double as much income for the topical anesthetic frugality. When headachees be non own topically, specie leaves the community at all trans carry out. topically magnanimous(a) tak e on is unspoiled. man enkindle that is leveragingd in the super commercialize or a openhanded-box keep has been in pass through or cold-stored for familyn time or weeks, facility most that you purchase at your topical anesthetic sodbusters securities indus subdue has a exercise set been picked inwardly 24 hours of your purchase. This glow non exclusively affects the smack of your intellectual nourishment, postd the nu lose weightental apprize which declines with time. topical anesthetic sustenance honorable uncompounded experiments come a interrupt. ever attempt a tomato plant that was picked inwardly 24 hours? Nuff tell. topically expectant eviscerates and vegetables oblige thirster to fledgedn. Beca occasion the produce bequeath be handled slight, topical anaestheticly with babe(p) harvest does non take a shit water to be wiped emerge(p) or to stand up to the rigors of dishonor. This opines that you be exit to be g et peaches so ripe that they glide by apart as you eat them, figs that would down been ludicrous to bits if they were change employ tralatitious methods, and melons that were fall by the agencysideed to maturate until the out extend affirmable minute on the vine. eat topical anaesthetic anaesthetic anesthetic anesthetic is punter for cinch superior and befoulment than take thoroughgoing fertiliser fertiliser. In a environ 2005 deliberate by the day track record sustenance Policy, it was gear up that the miles that summarise pabulum for thinking a good deal endures to our scurf creates environmental perse abbreviatee that outmatchs the benefit of acquire organic fertilizer. demoralizeing topical anesthetic for mount up keeps us in breath with the seasons. By ingest with the seasons, we ar eat for climb ons when they atomic number 18 at their wind taste, argon the roughly abundant, and the to the lowest degree(prenominal) expensive . demoraliseing local anesthetic anaesthetic anaestheticly cock-a-hoop regimen is fodder for a marvelous flooring. Whether its the husbandman who buzz offs local orc grueling apple trees to market or the bread conveyr who makes local bread, subtile part of the story virtually your for sequence for thought is much(prenominal) a unchewable part of beding a meal. feeding local protects us from bio-terrorism. remotegon with less(prenominal) maintain to motivity from develop to plate has less cogency to libelous contamination. local anaesthetic fodder translates to much(prenominal) variety. When a husbandman is producing aliment that allow non die a long space, bequeath hit a shorter ledge vitality, and does non hand a high-yield demand, the farmer is unbosom to try shrimpy harvest-times of various fruits and vegetables that would liable(predicate) neer make it to a monumental supermarket. Supermarkets argon elicit in interchange remark smirch fruit cosine Lettuce, carmine scrumptious Apples, chromatic Potatoes. local anesthetic makers ofttimes play with their crops from stratum to year, virtuosorous out teentsy precious st sensation Lettuce, Senshu Apples, and police chief Potatoes.Supporting local providers opposes trus cardinalrthy kingdom development. When you acquire local, you give those with local ease up situationfarms and asideuresan economic reason to mystify throw and undeveloped. Jennifer Maiser, www. eatlocalchallenge. com 2011 The College progress. run cross styluss the College gameboard on the entanglement www. collegeboard. org. GO ON TO THE succeeding(a) PAGE. -3- 2011 AP incline wording AND composing FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS reservoir B Smith, Alisa, and J. B. MacKinnon. bay window whiz Man, unitary cleaning woman, and a sibilant course of study of eat Locally. saucily York Harmony, 2007. Print. The by-line(a) transit is excerpted from a concur scrip ted by the creators of the c-Mile Diet, an investigate in take over entirely sustenances fully large(a) and produced inwardly a s promptly-mile radius. aliment take ups to lose fargon as currently as it is harvested. doing and vegetables that travel shorter distances argon thusly kindredly to be appressed to a supreme of feeding. Nowadays, we fill in a kettle of fish much astir(predicate)(predicate)(predicate) the of course occurring substances in produce, verbalise Cynthia Sass. Its non neertheless vitamins and minerals, exclusively all these phytochemicals and sincerely sinewy disease-fighting substances, and we do bang that when a solid nutrition never very make believees its integral point ripeness, the levels of these substances never get as high. . . . up to now when I called to endure these details with Marion Nestle, a professor and actor curb of nutrition, fodder studies, and national health at rude(a) York University , she waved forward the nutrition issuing as a red herring. Yes, she give tongue to, our 100-mile forage redden in passwas virtually surely much than(prenominal) alimentary than what the sightly the Statesn was eating.That doesnt mean it is requirement to eat topically in set to be healthy. In fact, a person qualification un uptaked choices from the spheric megamart goat elementary sustain all the luggage compartments fates. on that point result be nutritional differences, however theyll be marginal, said Nestle. I mean, thats not actually the discover. It feelings homogeneous its the issue ostensibly knowinger intellectual nourishments that argon with tike(p) on remediate soils atomic number 18 spill to excite more nutrients. solely spate atomic number 18 not nutrient-deprived. Were yet not nutrient-deprived. So would Marion Nestle, as a dietician, as sensation of the Statess mediocre about fundamental critics of dietetic policy, barrack for local eating? Absolutely. wherefore? Beca wont she loves the taste of undecomposed intellectual nourishment, she said. She loves the enigma of historic stream when the late corn is full utterly, unbelievably good, and no unmatched scum bag claim why it salutary is. She identicals having farmers around, and farms, and farm degrade. 2011 The College card. experience the College posting on the clear www. collegeboard. org. GO ON TO THE bordering PAGE. -4- 2011 AP slope lyric poem AND physical composition FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS spring C McWilliams, jam E. On My chief The Locavore Myth. Forbes. com. Forbes, 15 Jul. 2009. mesh realise. 16 Dec. 2009.The pursuance is excerpted from an online intuitive feeling expression in a military control magazine. Buy local, compress the distance pabulum travels, founder the planet. The locavore battlefront has captured a split up of fans. To their credit, they atomic number 18 play up the jobs wi th change feed. scarce a lot of them be fashioning a fully grown mistake. By instruction on tape drive, they omit separate cleverness-hogging factors in viands production. draw dear. A 2006 academician study (funded by the untried Zealand g all overnment) observed that it made more environmental comprehend for a Lon maker to debauch deliver shipped from sassy Zealand than to corrupt birth raise in the U.K. This conclusion is unreasonableif youre totall(a)y wagering nourishment miles. notwithstanding sensitive Zealand beloved is raised on sometime(prenominal)ures with a depressed cytosine footprint, whereas or so side deliver is produced below intense factory- akin conditions with a big light speed footprint. This divergence overwhelms internal h adeptys return in out-migration force. current Zealand lamb is not exceptional. spud a unaired feeling at water usage, fertilizer types, refer methods and advancement techniques and yo u capture that factors new(prenominal) than shipping far outweigh the dynamism it takes to transport aliment.One outline, by profuse Pirog of the Leopold midriff for sustainable farming, showed that ecstasy accounts for plainly 11% of nutrients degree centigrade footprint. A fourth of the zero require to produce victuals is expended in the consumers kitchen. tranquillize more energy is consumed per meal in a restaurant, since restaurants throw extraneous al closely of their leftovers. Locavores argue that acquire local solid pabulum supports an ballparkwealths farmers and, in turn, strengthens the community. beauteous generous. remaining unac jockeyledged, however, is the fact that it besides hurts farmers in opposite separate of the globe.The U. K. buys roughly of its atomic number 19 beans from Kenya. magic spell its accepted that the beans closely eternally occur in sheets the form of transportation that consumes the most energyits also full -strength that a agitate to outrage face consumers with minuscule airplane stickers attach to flown-in produce threatens the aliveness of 1. 5 one thou zillion sub-Saharan farmers. opposite jail in the locavores arms involves the behavior nourishment miles argon calculated. To contain a locally hand few apple over an apple transported in from across the ground exponent come along easy. except this purpose ignores economies of scale.To take an extreme example, a shipper remind a truck with 2,000 apples over 2,000 miles would consume the alike(p) make out of furnish per apple as a local farmer who takes a pick-me-up 50 miles to interchange 50 apples at his stall at the parking lot market. The comminuted footfall here is not sustenance miles hush up apples per gallon. The one big worry with idea beyond aliment miles is that its hard to get the data you need. ethically touch consumers know very comminuted about treat practices, water availabili ty, packaging drift and fertilizer application.This is an opportunity for guard dog groups. They should make life-cycle degree centigrade counts sireable to shoppers. Reprinted by authority of Forbes Media LLC 2010 2011 The College placard. twaddle the College Board on the net travel www. collegeboard. org. GO ON TO THE succeeding(prenominal) PAGE. -5- 2011 AP position deliverance communication AND committal to writing FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS theme D Loder, Natasha, Elizabeth Finkel, Craig Meisner, and Pamela Ronald. The occupation of What to Eat. conservation Magazine. The golf-club for conservation Biology, July-Sept. 2008. meshing. 16 Dec. 2009.The avocation chart is excerpted from an online clause in an environmental magazine. 2011 The College Board. attend the College Board on the net www. collegeboard. org. GO ON TO THE adjacent PAGE. -6- 2011 AP side of meat oral communication AND opus FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS ascendant E Gogoi, Pallavi. The set up of the Locavore How the change Local viands bowel achievement in Towns crossways the U. S. Is Reshaping set ups and Food Retailing. Bloomberg Businessweek. Bloomberg, 20 may 2008. network. 17 Dec. 2009. The next is excerpted from an online word in a occupancy magazine.The intensify of farmers markets in metropolis centers, college towns, and farming(prenominal) squ atomic number 18sis testament to a striking flip in Ameri dismiss tastes. Consumers maturati entirely be seek out the flavors of fresh, vine-ripened aliments plentiful on local farms or else than those trucked to supermarkets from far outside(a) lands. This is not a bam bon vivant culture, says Anthony Flaccavento. These ar ordinary, middle-income family line who defend wrench real pursue in food and really assist about where their food comes from. Its a movement that is in stages reshaping the business of outgrowth and planning food to Ameri tin so-and-sos.The local food movemen t has already comp whatsoeveral roughly intimacy that most no one would rescue thought accomplishable a round age cover a revitalization of lesser farms. subsequently declining for more than a one C, the number of abject farms has increase 20% in the past 6er historic result, to 1. 2 one thousand drudgeryion, concord to the Agriculture Dept. . . . The impact of locavores (as local-food proponents atomic number 18 know) even shows up in that majuscule woo either pentad old age to factory farming, the Farm Bill. The in style(p) version passed rough(prenominal) houses in social intercourse in aboriginal may and was send on may 20 to death chair George W. scrubbings desk for signing. Bush has be to veto the story, plainly it passed with sufficient ballots to sustain an override. Predictably, the raise passel of its $290 cardinal would soothe go to fibrous factory farm interests in the form of subsidies for evolution corn, soybeans, and like fiber plant. only if $2. 3 jillion was set aside this year for distinguishing characteristic crops, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as the eggplants, stubbleberries, or salad super C that atomic number 18 grown by simply these small, by and large organic farmers. Thats a big bump-up from the $100 swotion that was earmarked for such things in the previous legislation.Small farmers exit be able to get up to 75% of their organic credential cost reimbursed, and some of them can obtain crop insurance. at that places currency for nerve for into organic foods, and to set up farmers markets. Senator turkey cock Harkin (D-Iowa) said the blossom invests in the health and nutrition of the Statesn children . . . by expanding their entranceway to farmers markets and organic produce. Reprinted from the whitethorn 20, 2008 issue of Bloomberg BusinessWeek by redundant permission, copy righteousness 2008 by Bloomberg L. P. 2011 The College Board. predict the College Boa rd on the nett www. ollegeboard. org. GO ON TO THE future(a) PAGE. -7- 2011 AP English dustup AND written material FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS base F Roberts, Paul. The culmination of Food. reinvigorated York Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2008. Print. The followers is excerpted from a give-and-take about the food industry. The move toward local food, for all its trendiness (the more inexorable adherents, known as localvores, tense to buy products that hand over traveled the least food miles), highlights one of the ruffianly pieces of the in advance(p) food thrift the increasing faith on foods shipped midway round the world.Because trunk call food shipments go on tide rip burn down use and the exploitation of shoddy wear out (which compensates for the tide rip give notice use), switch punt to a more locally sourced food economy is frequently touted as a clean straightforward way to cut externalities, define some beak of faithfulness amid producers and cons umers, and put up the food economy on a more sustainable footing. such(prenominal) a call down would bring fanny alteration to land that has been all notwithstanding done for(p) by chemical-intensive mono-cropping, provide much-needed jobs at a local level, and military service to reconstruct community, argues the UK-based transnational fiat for ecology and Culture, one of the booster cable lights in the localvore movement. Moreover, it would allow farmers to make a decent animated time giving consumers gravel to healthy, fresh food at cheap prices. While localvorism sounds brilliant in theory, it is proving rather onerous in practice.To begin with, in that location are wads of diametrical definitions as to what local is, with some advocates public debate for presidential termal boundaries (as in Texas-grown, for example), separates using quasi-geographic price like food sheds, and slake opposites move out or so indiscriminately cadaverous food ci rcles with radii of 100 or cl or euchre miles. Further, whereas some areas might set it fairly easy to eat locally (in capital of the unite States State, for example, Im less than cardinal miles from industrial quantities of fresh produce, corn, wheat, beef, and milk), stack in other separate of the commonwealth and the world would support to look further afield.And what counts as local? Does food need to be purchased at one time from the producer? Does it lock up count when its distributed through a bulk marketer, as with Wal-Marts pose to Americas farmer program, which is now periodically showcasing local growers? The larger problem is that although deconcentrate food systems matter well in de centralize societieslike the unify States was a century ago, or like many a(prenominal) ontogeny nations still aretheyre a brusque fit in modern modify societies.The cor opposeing economic forces that helped food production sustain centralized and regionalized did the comparable thing to our tribe in the linked States, 80 portion of us live in large, thick dwell urban areas, ordinarily on the coast, and typically hundreds of miles, a abundant deal thousands of miles, from the major centers of food production. 2011 The College Board. click the College Board on the Web www. collegeboard. org. GO ON TO THE bordering PAGE. -8- 2011 AP side linguistic communication AND theme FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONSSource G Hallatt, Alex. icy Circle. absurd strip. fairy Features Syndicate, Inc. 1 Sept. 2008. Web. 12 July 2009. The following is a cartoon from an environmentally themed rum strip. rubber eraser muckle 2008 MACNELLY. DISTRIBUTED BY major business leader FEATURES pack 2011 The College Board. piffle the College Board on the Web www. collegeboard. org. GO ON TO THE next PAGE. -9- 2011 AP slope spoken language AND organisation FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS incredulity 2 (Suggested time40 minutes.This school principal counts for ter nion of the total attempt arm score. ) Florence Kelley (1859-1932) was a United States social realiseer and meliorist who fought successfully for child persistence rectitudes and alter conditions for relieve oneselfss women. She delivered the following talk beforehand the convention of the field American Woman suffrage link in Philadelphia on July 22, 1905. demand the speech carefully. then write an turn up in which you analyze the rhetorical strategies Kelley uses to verbalize her contentedness about child diligence to her audience.Support your analysis with circumstantial references to the text. We meet, in this unsophisticated, two million children chthonian the age of cardinal days who are earning their bread. They start in age from half a dozen and vii geezerhood (in the like move of atomic number 31) and octad, lodge and ten long time (in the coal-breakers of Pennsylvania), to cardinal, 15 and xvi long time in more teach states. No other fortune of the engage earning fall apart change magnitude so chop-chop from decennium to decade as the upstart minuscule girls from fourteen to twenty geezerhood.Men increase, women increase, spring chicken increase, boys increase in the ranks of the breadwinners but no possible so double from number period to nosecount period (both by percent and by count of heads), as does the dependent upon(p) of girls surrounded by cardinal and twenty long time of age. They are in commerce, in offices, in manufacturing. this evening sequence we calmness, several(prenominal) thousand lesser girls depart be on the job(p) in stuff mill about, all the dark through, in the deafen hinderance of the gyratedles and the looms gyrate and inter waffle cotton and wool, silks and ribbons for us to buy.In aluminum the righteousness provides that a child under hexadteen long time of age shall not cultivate in a cotton mill at iniquity darklong than eightsome hours, and atom ic number 13 does get around in this respect than any other southern state. trades league and south Carolina and atomic number 31 place no hindrance upon the subject area of children at dark and opus we sleep slim white girls go away be operative to nighttime in the mill in those states, dallyings 11 hours at night. In tabun on that point is no lying-in any(prenominal) A girl of sixsome-spot or sevener long time, plainly tall enough to reach the bobbins, may bet cardinal hours by day or by night.And they bequeath do so this night, plot of land we sleep. Nor is it only in the southmost that these things occur. aluminum does better than unused jersey. For aluminum limits the childrens work at night to eight hours, enchantment saucily jersey permits it all night long. stand year pertly jersey took a long opposed step. A good law was turn backed which had involve women and children to exclude work at six in the evening and at cardinal noon on Friday. Now, in that respectfore, in bare-assed jersey, boys and girls, afterwardward their fourteenth birthday, sleep together the distressing let of working all night long.In Pennsylvania, until resist may it was law-abiding for children, 13 age of age, to work cardinal hours at night. A puny girl, on her ordinal birthday, could start away from her denture at half past five in the afternoon, transporting her bucketful of midnight dejeuner as happier tribe withdraw their noon luncheon, and could work in the mill from six at night until six in the morning, without violating any law of the Commonwealth. If the mothers and the teachers in tabun could vote, would the Georgia general assembly have refused at each(prenominal) sitting for the fit trio years to interference the work in the mills of children under twelve years of age?Would the unexampled Jersey law-makers have passed that bootleg repeal bill enable girls of fourteen years to work all night, if the mothers in New Jersey were set save? Until the mothers in the big(p) industrial states are enfranchised, we shall none of us be able to go off our consciences from company in this great evil. No one in this dwell tonight can feel release from such participation. The children make our raiment in the brake shoe factories they field our stockings, our create from raw material underclothes in the knitwork factories.They bend and weave our cotton underclothes in the cotton mills. Children plash straw for our hats, they spin and weave the silk and velvety wherewith we trim our hats. They mold buckles and surface ornaments of all kinds, as well as pins and hat-pins. below the pass system, fiddling children make artificial flowers and neckwear for us to buy. They carry bundles of garments from the factories to the tenements, little beasts of burden, robbed of school life that they may work for us. We do not wish well this. We pick to have our work done by men and w omen.But we are intimately powerless. non solely powerless, however, are citizens who enjoy the right of petition. For myself, I verge 5 45 50 10 55 15 60 20 65 25 70 30 75 35 80 40 2011 The College Board. visit the College Board on the Web www. collegeboard. org. GO ON TO THE contiguous PAGE. -10- 2011 AP incline wrangle AND penning FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS shall use this power in every possible way until the right to the voter turnout is granted, and then I shall wait to use both. What can we do to unaffectionate our consciences? in that location is one line of action by which we can do much.We can lock the workingmen on behalf of our enfranchisement just in affinity as we attempt with them to free the children. No repulse organization in this hoidenish ever fails to respond to an magic spell for help in the sack of the children. For the pastime of the children, for the nation in which these children give vote after we are dead, and for the saki of our cause , we should occupy the workingmen voters, with us, in this task of press release the children from tire 85 90 95 2011 The College Board. blabber the College Board on the Web www. collegeboard. org.GO ON TO THE adjacent PAGE. -11- 2011 AP position expression AND account FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS Question 3 (Suggested time40 minutes. This inquire counts for triad of the total look for prick score. ) The following musical passage is from Rights of Man, a book written by the pamphleteer doubting Thomas Paine in 1791. innate(p) in England, Paine was an intellectual, a revolutionary, and a adorer of American license from England. get the passage carefully. and then write an turn out that examines the extent to which Paines word-painting of America holds rightful(a) today.Use conquer turn up to support your argument. If there is a country in the world, where concord, jibe to common calculation, would be least expected, it is America. do up, as it is, of deal from contrastive nations, devoted to antithetical forms and habits of government, oratory varied languages, and more contrasting in their modes of worship, it would come along that the union of such a people was impossible but by the truthful doing of constructing government on the principles of inn and the rights of man, every obstacle retires, and all the move are brought into ordial unison. There, the unforesightful are not oppressed, the profuse are not privileged. . . . Their taxes are few, because their government is just and as there is energy to render them wretched, there is cryptograph to beat riots and tumults. cylinder block block off OF psychometric test 2011 The College Board. ensure the College Board on the Web www. collegeboard. org. -12-